JICA IPSDP Final Report Annexes (Vol. 2)

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2026-04-22

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Summary

This is the Annexes volume (Vol. 2) of the JICA Study Team's Final Report for the Project on Integrated Power System Development Plan in Nepal (IPSDP) — the same study whose compact policy conclusions are captured in MoEWRI IPSDP Executive Summary. The executive summary is where the headline numbers and milestone ladder live; this volume is where the workings live — the demand forecast inputs, the MP2014 project scorecards, the existing-plant inventories, the hydropower sequencing logic, and the geology, hydrology and seismology that bound what can actually be built.

The volume is 315 pages and contains Annexes 1–6 only. The PDF's own table of contents lists 16 annexes in total; Annexes 7–16 (power generation planning, cross-border trade status, power system planning, SEA, economic and financial analysis, financing, surplus utilisation, governance, milestones, capacity development) are carried in companion volumes that are not currently in the wiki's raw-source set.

For this wiki, this is the authoritative upstream source for any claim of the form "JICA/MoEWRI's IPSDP study assumes X" about demand, existing fleet state, hydropower portfolio composition, or development-plan review — the executive summary is not granular enough on its own. Key cross-links: MoEWRI IPSDP Executive Summary, Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), Seasonal Arbitrage Trap, Kulekhani Cascade, Kali Gandaki A, Tanahu Hydropower Project, Upper Arun Hydroelectric Project.

Contents (Annexes 1–6 only)

Annex Title First page
1 General Information of Nepal (economy, topography, geology, seismology, climate, hydrology, air quality) 5
2 Current Status of the Power Sector in Nepal (organisational structure, legal system, reform, corporate entities) 55
3 Current Situation of the Electric Power Facilities (existing generation fleet, transmission, distribution) 146
4 Review of Existing Development Plans (MP2014 screening, Multi-Criteria Analysis scorecards) 174
5 Power Demand Forecast (sectoral sales mix, consumer growth, electrification) 196
6 Hydropower Development Plan (bulk of the volume; portfolio composition and sequencing) 244

Annexes 7–16 listed in the front-matter TOC (Power Generation Development Planning; Current Status of Power Trade; Power System Development Planning; SEA; Economic and Financial Analysis; Financing; Utilisation of Surplus Electricity; Governance; Milestones & Future Outlook; Capacity Development) are not present in this PDF.

Key claims

  • Annex 3 (p. 147) states that NEA owns 20 hydropower plants with an installed capacity of 573.3 MW and designed annual generation of 3,360,830 MWh at an average plant factor of 67%. Only Kulekhani I and Kulekhani II operate as storage (STO); the rest are ROR or PROR.
  • Annex 3 generation-type table (p. 146) codifies four hydropower types used throughout the IPSDP optimisation — ROR, PROR (peak run-of-river with daily-to-weekly pondage), STO (storage / reservoir), and PSP (pumped storage) — and notes the winter-peak / monsoon-spill economics that drive the Seasonal Arbitrage Trap argument.
  • Annex 4 (p. 174–175) records how the 2014 Nationwide Master Plan (MP2014) filtered 31 candidate projects via Multi-Criteria Analysis with exclusions for installed capacity > 1,000 MW, dam height > 300 m, project cost > USD 2 billion, annual flow-regulation rate < 5%, reservoir resettlement > 500 houses, or sites inside national parks / wildlife conservation areas / world heritage. The MP2014 scorecard table on p. 175 lists unit capacity, total energy, dry energy, project cost, unit cost, EIRR and FIRR for Dudh Koshi, Sun Koshi 3, Lower Badigad, Andhi Khola, Chera-1, Madi, Nalsyau Gad, Naumure (W. Rapti), Kokhajor-1, Lower Jhimruk and the rest of the MP2014 list.
  • Annex 5 (p. 196) puts sectoral sales composition and consumer-growth rate at approximately 8% per year with household electrification reaching 93% in 2021 and a stated GoN target of 100%.

Local source

Local workspace copy: jica_ipsdp_main_report_vol2.pdf

Limitations

  • Incomplete volume: This PDF contains only Annexes 1–6. Annexes 7–16 (power generation development planning, cross-border trade status, power system planning, SEA, economic and financial analysis, financing, surplus utilisation, governance, milestones, capacity development) are in companion volumes not currently in the wiki raw-source set.
  • Study assumptions, not verified outcomes: Demand forecasts, scorecards, and sequencing logic are JICA/MoEWRI study outputs — not post-implementation verification.
  • 2024 cutoff: Post-study construction progress and policy changes after 2024 are not reflected.

What this source does not cover

  • Annexes 7–16 of the IPSDP final report (power system planning, cross-border trade, SEA, financing, surplus-electricity utilisation, governance, milestone ladder, capacity development). Use MoEWRI IPSDP Executive Summary for the compact statement of those or queue companion JICA volumes when available.
  • Monthly plant-level generation or trade settlement data.
  • Project-by-project post-study construction progress after the 2024 cutoff.